Elements of Health And Safety Management System

Elements of Health And Safety Management System :

• Policy: 

                  A clear Statement has to be made to establish to establish health and safety as a prime commitment of management at all level of the organisation.

• Organising: 

                 A framework of roles and responsibilities for health and safety must be created within the organisation.

• Planning and Implementing:

                Detailed arrangement must be made for the management of health and safety.

• Evaluation:

                Methods must be devised to monitor and review the effectiveness of the arrangement put into place.

• Action for Improvement:

                  Any shortcoming identified by the review process must be corrected soon as possible by making whatever adjustment are necessary to the policy, organisation and arrangement for implementation.

• Audit :

                  Arrangement must be made for the independent, systematic and critical examination of the safety management system.

• Continual Improvement:

                  The intention is that the safety management system will not remine static but will develop over tome to become increasingly appropriate and useful to the organisation.

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Possible Cost that on Occupational accident

Possible Cost  that on Occupational accident :

Direct Cost:

• First-aid Treatment
• sick pay
• Repair to Equipment
• Lost or damaged Product
• Lost production time
• Overtime cover for the injured person
• Fines in Criminal court
• Compensation payment to victim

Indirect Cost:

• Investigation time
• Lost employee morale
• Cost of additional control measures
• Compliance with enforcement notice
• Damaged customer relationship
• Damaged Public image

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The Employer's Duty

The Employer has a duty to provide the Following:

• Safe Place to Work :

                                          The employer creates the place of work which should be reasonable safe and without risk to health.

• Safe plant and equipment:

                             All the machinery, tools, plant and equipment use by the employee at the work should be reasonable safe  and without health risk. 

• Safe system of work:

                             There should be recognized procedure for the safe conduct of all work activities . These procedures should cover all foreseeable possibilities. 

• Training, Supervision And Competency of Staff:

                               Worker must be able to carried out the necessary procedures. Employer have a duty to provide appropriate training so that the worker are aware of the hazard and risk in their work, the safe system of work and emergency procedure.

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Barriers To Good Standard Of Health And Safety

There are many Barriers to good standard of health and safety in workplace:

• Complexity:

                             Workplace may be complicated areas, involving the co-ordination of many people performing many different activities. Finding solution to a health and safety problem or issue can be complex, it required extensive background knowledge and awareness of possible consequence of various courses of action that available.  

• Conflicting Demands:

                      There are often competing and conflicting demand placed upon people and organisation. A common conflict is that between the need to supply a product or service at an appropriate speed and the need to do safely without Risk to people's health.
Another conflict can be created by the need to comply and different types of standard at the same time.

• Behavioral issues:

                      Good health and safety practice often relies on the perfect behavior of individuals, and people sometimes do not behave in this ideal way.  

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The Scope and Nature of Occupational Health And Safety

KEY INFORMATION:

• The Study of Health and Safety involves the study of many different subjects including Science (Chemistry, Physics and biology) ,Engineering, Psychology,Sociology and the Law.
• There are many barriers to good standards of Health and Safety in work place:Work place may be Complex ;There are often Competing and Conflicting demands placed upon people and organisation; The good Health and Safety practice often relies on the perfect behavior of induividuals;

•  Key Definitions are:

1. Health  -  The absence of disease.
2. Safety   -  The absence of Risk of serious personal injury.
3. Welfare -  Access to basic facilities.
4. Accident  -  An unplanned, unwanted event which leads to injury, damage or loss.
5. Near Miss  -  An unplanned, unwanted event that had the potential to lead to injury,damage or loss(but did not actually do so).
6. Dangerous occurrence  - A specified event that may have to be reported to the relevant authority by law.
7. Hazard  -  Something with potential to cause harm. 
8. Risk  - The likelihood that a hazard will cause harm, in combination with the severity of injury, damage or loss that might occur. 

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