The Employer's Duty

The Employer has a duty to provide the Following:

• Safe Place to Work :

                                          The employer creates the place of work which should be reasonable safe and without risk to health.

• Safe plant and equipment:

                             All the machinery, tools, plant and equipment use by the employee at the work should be reasonable safe  and without health risk. 

• Safe system of work:

                             There should be recognized procedure for the safe conduct of all work activities . These procedures should cover all foreseeable possibilities. 

• Training, Supervision And Competency of Staff:

                               Worker must be able to carried out the necessary procedures. Employer have a duty to provide appropriate training so that the worker are aware of the hazard and risk in their work, the safe system of work and emergency procedure.

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Barriers To Good Standard Of Health And Safety

There are many Barriers to good standard of health and safety in workplace:

• Complexity:

                             Workplace may be complicated areas, involving the co-ordination of many people performing many different activities. Finding solution to a health and safety problem or issue can be complex, it required extensive background knowledge and awareness of possible consequence of various courses of action that available.  

• Conflicting Demands:

                      There are often competing and conflicting demand placed upon people and organisation. A common conflict is that between the need to supply a product or service at an appropriate speed and the need to do safely without Risk to people's health.
Another conflict can be created by the need to comply and different types of standard at the same time.

• Behavioral issues:

                      Good health and safety practice often relies on the perfect behavior of individuals, and people sometimes do not behave in this ideal way.  

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The Scope and Nature of Occupational Health And Safety

KEY INFORMATION:

• The Study of Health and Safety involves the study of many different subjects including Science (Chemistry, Physics and biology) ,Engineering, Psychology,Sociology and the Law.
• There are many barriers to good standards of Health and Safety in work place:Work place may be Complex ;There are often Competing and Conflicting demands placed upon people and organisation; The good Health and Safety practice often relies on the perfect behavior of induividuals;

•  Key Definitions are:

1. Health  -  The absence of disease.
2. Safety   -  The absence of Risk of serious personal injury.
3. Welfare -  Access to basic facilities.
4. Accident  -  An unplanned, unwanted event which leads to injury, damage or loss.
5. Near Miss  -  An unplanned, unwanted event that had the potential to lead to injury,damage or loss(but did not actually do so).
6. Dangerous occurrence  - A specified event that may have to be reported to the relevant authority by law.
7. Hazard  -  Something with potential to cause harm. 
8. Risk  - The likelihood that a hazard will cause harm, in combination with the severity of injury, damage or loss that might occur. 

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